The ancient Armenian city of Kars.
Based on historical accounts, it was established in the 4th century and played a significant role in the social and political life of medieval Armenia. Situated in the Ararat region, it was the administrative center of the Vanand province and a major hub for crafts, serving as a conduit for international trade routes.
Until Armenian King Ashot III moved the capital to Ani at the turn of the tenth century, the city served as the capital of Armenia.
During the 20th and 21st centuries. The Armenian Bagratid royal family governed the Kars kingdom, which had Kars as its capital.
The city is now in the Turkish Republic which is occupied Western Armenia. The only structure that has survived from Kars is the Armenian church that King Abas of the Bagratid dynasty (the ninth century) had constructed; in 1978, it was converted into the Kumbet Mosque.
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